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ALPHABETICAL DIET

 ALPHABETICAL DIET Alphabetical diet is one in which one's take one letter diet for 26 days regularly. It starts from A and end in Z. It is basically a cooking and eating challenge and allows a variety of diet in every day life. It is not a weight loss plan. Here we discuss food and drinks available in Pakistan. LETTER 'A' APPLES Pakistan is the 10th largest apple producing country globally. The popular varities included Granny Smith, Golden Delicious, KallaKaku, Pink Lady and Red Delicious. Apples contain pectin, a natural fibre found in plants.It has a cholesterol lowering effect. Apples are low on the glycaemic index (GI) prevents diabetes. Apples are rich in polyphenols ' querctin' lower risk of hearth diseases and respiratory problems.  APRICOTS The apricot's native region is Central Asia. It is a fruit with a firm exterior and a soft interior that is smaller than a peach but looks remarkably similar. Apricots are a great food for supporting eye health sinc...
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HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRPHY

HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION


HPLC(High Performance/Pressure Liquid Chromatography) is an highly improved form of CLC(Column Liquid Chromatography). It is an analytical technique used to identify, separate and quantify components in a mixture.

PRINCIPLE

HPLC system consists of:
  • Pump delivers mobile phase through the column.
  • Injector allows the sample to get mixed with mobile phase and introduce in the column.
  • Column made with stainless steel with separation packing material.
  • Detector in HPLC include: UV absorption, Fluorescence, RI Spectroscopy, Light transmission and mass spectroscopy.
  • Computational data system offers data collection and run the instrument when automated system is needed.

COMPONENTS

  1. Mobile phase includes organic  or aqueous  solvents depending on analysis.
  2. Degassing unit removes air from the mobile phase.
  3. Pump delivers mobile phase at constant flow.
  4. Injector column introduce real sample or standard sample to HPLC system.
  5. Sample valve store real or standard sample separate.
  6. Column separate components from the mixture.
  7. Detector sense arrival of separating compounds.
  8. Computational data system process data signals and measured by chromatogram.

APPLICATION

  • It is used in analysis of drugs.
  • It is used in the analysis of synthetic polymers.
  • It is used in High pH anion exchange chromatography of carbohydrates and oligosaccharides.
  • It is used in water purification.
  • It detects pesticides and other chemicals in agriculture crop.



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